The United States has reactivated attacks against Iran. Since Wednesday dawn and in two waves of attacks — one yesterday, and another this Thursday dawn — US army missiles have hit 170 Iranian targets, with a toll so far of 14 dead and 78 injured, according to data from the Iranian Ministry of Health. In this way, Washington makes effective the announcement that Donald Trump verbalized on Wednesday, who in statements to the press from the NATO summit in Ankara said that ensure that the ceasefire with Iran had "ended". The US president stated this after the country's army had already attacked Iran hours before, and announced new attacks for this morning. The US army has fulfilled Trump's threat and has attacked again.

After a few days of calm and records, turbulence returns to the stock markets. The announcement by the US President, Donald Trump, that the ceasefire with Iran is over has caused an avalanche of sales and declines in all European stock exchanges.

The scorching sun has not been an impediment for the thousands of Iranians who, for the third consecutive day, mourn the death of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei at a massive funeral in Tehran. Tens of thousands of people have gathered on Damavand Avenue in the center of the Iranian capital to march in a funeral procession, the most important day of the commemorative ceremonies in honor of the supreme leader assassinated on February 28 in an Israeli-American attack.

Before the sun beat down strongly on Tehran, thousands of people already occupied the surroundings of the Mosalla mosque. They wore black, held up portraits of the supreme leader and Iranian flags, and advanced in a slow choreography that turned the space into a state-sponsored stage. The authorities have prepared one of the largest funeral arrangements in the country's recent history, with official estimates speaking of between 15 and 30 million participants over the six days of ceremonies. In addition to Tehran, celebrations will extend to several key cities in the country and the Shiite space, and he will finally be buried at the shrine of Imam Reza, in Mashhad, the man who for 36 years concentrated the highest authority of the Islamic Republic, until he was killed on the first day of the joint attack by Israel and the United States, on February 28.

While the United States tried to keep the diplomatic channel with Iran open, Israel would have considered assassinating the two main Iranian negotiators: Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi and Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf. This is revealed by The New York Times, which cites US officials according to whom Washington feared during April and May that any attack against these leaders would blow up negotiations that were advancing with extreme fragility.Araghchi and Ghalibaf are central figures in the talks between the United States and Iran to consolidate the ceasefire, guarantee the security of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz, and open the door to future negotiations on Iran's nuclear program.Already in March, the American newspaper The Wall Street Journal reported that Araghchi and Ghalibaf were on a list of Israeli targets, although they would have been removed when Washington began to explore a diplomatic exit with Tehran. In the same vein, an American official cited by the New York Times assured that the Trump administration knew that, at least in Ghalibaf's case, Israel considered him a potential target and explicitly asked the Israeli government not to act against him.Washington's concern reached the point that the White House reportedly asked several countries in the region to warn Tehran of the risk that its negotiators could become Israeli targets.Tension became palpable in April, when Ghalibaf was due to travel to Islamabad to meet with the Vice President of the United States, J.D. Vance. Iranian authorities feared that Israel would take advantage of the trip to assassinate him and, for this reason, the Iranian delegation was escorted by Pakistani fighter jets both on the outward and return journeys. Despite these measures, two sources cited by the New York Times assure that, during the return flight to Tehran, Iranian intelligence services alerted that two Israeli fighter jets had penetrated Iran's airspace. Faced with the threat, the plane carrying Ghalibaf made an emergency landing and the delegation completed the last eight hours of the journey by road.Israel does not want the agreement

In recent months, the United States has held indirect talks to reach a negotiated exit to the conflict, but Israel continues to show deep skepticism towards any agreement with Iran. The most critical sectors consider that no deal will be sufficient if it does not also limit Iran's ballistic missile program and Tehran's network of allies.In this climate of mistrust, Ghalibaf warned this Thursday that Iran will respond “proportionately” if the United States and Israel fail to comply with the memorandum of understanding reached last month. His statements coincide with the preparations for the funeral of the supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, who died in an Israeli attack on the first day of the war, February 28. The commemorative events will begin this Saturday and will last until July 9, and between 15 and 20 million people are expected to attend.

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Iran is preparing for the massive funeral celebration of Ali Khamenei, the supreme leader who died on the first day of the joint attack by the United States and Israel against the Islamic Republic. It will be six days of a ceremony that has had to be delayed and which finally arrives with a taste of victory that the regime will strive to exhibit as a demonstration of strength. Khamenei decided the political and spiritual destinies of Iran for 36 years and has risen to the rank of martyr.

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While Washington on Tuesday fueled expectations of a new diplomatic breakthrough with Iran, Doha strove to lower the tone. "It could be an important meeting. We will know later," stated the President of the United States, Donald Trump, before assuring that the United States is making "very good progress" in its efforts to dismantle Iran's nuclear program. Hours later, Tehran specified that there are no direct negotiations with Washington and that any contact is being conducted through Qatar's mediation. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs did not deny the movements or the continuity of contacts, but insisted that there are no direct talks between both parties.

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When the United States began the war against Iran with the support of Israel, there was still snow to melt in the streets of Washington. Now, the latest episode of crossfire between Tehran and Washington has occurred in the midst of the summer heat, while the rhetoric about the conflict remains stuck in the same cycle. U.S. President Donald Trump stated on Monday that the American and Iranian delegations will meet again tomorrow, Tuesday, in Doha (Qatar), despite the weekend bombings. Previously, Kazem Gharibabadi, the head of the Persian negotiating team, had told reporters that no talks were scheduled. For now, Tehran has not confirmed Trump's announcement.

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The last few hours in the Middle East have once again been far from a ceasefire. Since Friday, the United States and Iran have been exchanging attacks in the Gulf, around the strategic Strait of Hormuz. This adds more tension to an escalation that threatens to break the path of negotiation to end a war that, despite supposed truces, has been going on for four months. The uncertainty about the future of the region is once again accentuated.

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The “memorandum of understanding” that extends the ceasefire between Iran and the United States and that is intended to allow progress towards a peace agreement is so fragile that all parties involved have intensified diplomatic moves to try to consolidate the foundations and prevent everything from exploding just days after its announcement. This Tuesday there are several parallel meetings in different parts of the world, all with the same objective on the table: to guarantee the mechanisms to try to maintain peace in the region. Iran's chief negotiator, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, and the Foreign Minister, Abbas Araghchi, have met in Oman with Sultan Haitham bin Tariq al-Said. Iran's President, Masoud Pezeshkian, has traveled to Pakistan, a mediating country, and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has planned meetings with leaders from Bahrain, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates. In addition, in Washington today, talks between Israel and Lebanon resume, as always, without the presence of Hezbollah.

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The first round of negotiations between the United States and Iran has represented "very good progress" and "a very good basis" to move forward towards a definitive agreement, according to the Vice President of the United States, J.D. Vance, before leaving Switzerland. The memorandum of understanding signed between the two parties last week is beginning to have practical consequences. This Monday, the US Treasury Department lifted restrictions on the sale of Iranian oil for at least the next two months.

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The Strait of Hormuz continues to be the focus of global economic activity. Enagás CEO Arturo Gonzalo Aizpiri has stated that, if the peace agreement and the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz are confirmed, gas futures markets will not recover "full price normality" until "the end of next year or the beginning of 2028".

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The first round of negotiations between the United States and Iran in Switzerland has ended with "significant progress" to end the war in Lebanon, according to Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, who thanked the "tireless mediation of Pakistan and Qatar" in a social media message. The two countries have agreed to create a committee to promote a roadmap that will allow them to reach a final agreement to end the conflict within 60 days.

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History's ironies, Donald Trump chose Wednesday the Palace of Versailles to sign the understanding agreement with Iran, precisely the place where the German empire accepted its capitulation in 1919 after the First World War. The analogy is inevitable: the 14-point document that Washington has finally accepted after almost four months of war is a full-fledged surrender.

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Iran announced this Saturday the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, which occurs, according to the country's most important military command, due to "the clear violation by the United States of the first clause of the Memorandum of Understanding" and "in response to the continuous and persistent ceasefire violations by the Zionist regime in southern Lebanon". The agreement signed this week between Washington and Tehran establishes, textually, the "immediate and permanent cessation of military operations on all fronts, including Lebanon"establishes, textually, the "immediate and permanent cessation of military operations on all fronts, including Lebanon".

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After hours of Israeli bombings this Friday over southern Lebanon and the Baalbek region, which left at least 47 dead and 97 injured, according to the Lebanese Ministry of Health, the United States announced that Israel and Hezbollah have accepted a new truce negotiated with the mediation of Qatar and Iran. However, even after the agreement came into effect, Israeli attacks continued to be registered around Nabatieh, while Hezbollah claimed to have begun to respect the cessation of hostilities from the moment the agreement with Tel Aviv was announced.

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Criticism of the preliminary agreement signed between the United States and Iran has escalated since the pact became known, opening a rift not only between supporters of Israel, but also within the Republican Party. With the aim of curbing these attacks, the White House decided to share the text of the document, but this has not been enough. This Thursday, US Vice President J.D. Vance held a press conference in which he defended his government's work in Iran, called for listening to the opinions of the Gulf countries, and tried to convince that Tehran must maintain a certain capacity to defend itself.

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The framework agreement between the US and Iran to end the war initiated by Donald Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu on February 28 has been met with hope in the Middle East and financial markets, as demonstrated by the fall in oil prices. However, after countless breaches of previous truces and false proclamations of the conflict's imminent end, caution prevails among most international shipping companies.

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Amid rumors about what the memorandum of understanding announced between Washington and Tehran includes to extend the truce by 60 days and open a negotiation period, a senior US official read the text's content on Wednesday during a call with journalists. For now, there is no graphic evidence, but Iran's official news agency (IRNA) has also released details.

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In geopolitics, things change very quickly, and while a few weeks ago Vladimir Putin appeared to be one of the indirect winners of the Iran war, as the closure of Hormuz benefited his oil exports, now with the agreement to reopen the strait, the tables may have turned. At least that is what the European members of the G-7 intend, who plan to pressure Donald Trump to take advantage now to increase pressure on the Kremlin to desist from the occupation of Ukraine and agree to sign a peace deal. Trump himself has agreed, and he was seen in a friendly attitude chatting with Volodymyr Zelensky at the Evian summit in France.

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