Heidegger, the philosopher who became a Nazi militant, rector of the University of Freiburg in the 1930s, and also, surprisingly, in the 1950s, defined reality through two concepts: space, that which does not change, and time, that which by nature is change. He gave rise to strict materialism. This poses a problem: "Materialism is only reality," and therefore consciousness does not exist, which poses an insoluble inconsistency for materialism. It is impossible for consciousness not to exist, because if it did, the concept of matter would be in crisis: how could it exist outside of thought, without a definition?
The solution can only be conceptually dualism: consciousness on the one hand and reality on the other, but then an explanation for the interaction of body and soul is necessary. Descartes defined it: "The human mind is essentially immaterial, without a body, and bodies are machines made of unconscious matter."
Scientific orthodoxy has not always been materialistic. The Enlightenment of the 17th century was dualistic; it degraded matter in order to distinguish the human mind from unconscious matter as much as possible... The key word here is the adjective. unconscious applied to the subject.
The error, the grave error, of conscience is its tendency toward credulity. The crux of the matter and its survival is not rationality, but credulity. The fact that faith is credulity is problematic, because it is irresponsible regarding actions. Morality is an addition to faith; it is not part of it.
In today's world, conflicts that cause thousands, sometimes millions, of deaths are always linked to the credulity from which hope for a better future is derived: never coming close to rationality. This brings with it another difficulty: it is difficult to recognize error. By nature, faith cannot contain error; otherwise, it would not be faith. The tragic observation—the word is not excessive—is that the very structure of faith-infused thought makes it difficult to think... to correct what has proven to be an error, because it would betray faith.
To get followers of a faith it is necessary that your doctrine Keep it simple. The simpler it is, the easier it is to gain followers. Christianity says: "It is love that will set you free; do not return aggression with aggression..." Islam: "You must obey God's law, which is everything, and if you do, you will go to paradise." In one case, it's love that is given without expecting a return; in the other, it's fulfilling God's command and immediately receiving the reward. Islam is easier to understand, and the consequence is that Islam has spread more rapidly than Christianity, but, conversely, evolution is more difficult. In Islam, heterodoxy comes from the origin and is almost a family matter: Ali or Abu Bakr, to whom did God give the message to convert humanity? Hence the difference between Sunnis and Shiites.
In Christianity, heterodoxy stems from the clash of faith and freedom: I want to interpret the sacred text according to my conscience; no one can dictate how I read it. The level of intellectual complexity of the two concepts is not comparable. In Christianity, the rationality contributed by the Greeks persists, which lives on in the sense of justice; in Christianity, this foundation is absent. In one religion, there are layers; in the other, there is only one. This is the argument Erasmus used against Luther, but once again, simplicity prevailed. Erasmus was a philosopher, and Luther was a politician.
This also occurs in politics, but in a more primal way, because it is limited by immediacy: everything happens now and on the same plane. Heidegger's theory in politics becomes reinforced and demonstrated.
But once we understand that matter is made of waves, and waves need time to be real... this leads to the fusion of space and time. One cannot exist without the other, both in the universe—the infinitely large—and in the quantum—the extremely small. But in both cases, time and space are united, as are matter and consciousness, and this shows how extraordinarily narrow-minded the vision of materialism based on the reality of unconscious matter is.
Today, principles like MAGA (Make America great again), have made their fortune through simplicity and by being absolutely primary, for the same reasons as living space, Lebensraum, was championed by the Nazis in the 1930s: it was a matter of life or death... it justified war. The enemies of the Reich were the Jews, whether powerful or miserable. For Nazism, the important thing was to make people believe they were right in what they claimed, just like Trump is now... even if it was false. But here, fear plays a key role... and when the error is proven, it's always too late. No one is capable of countering a reason, even if it's true and demonstrable. The king has no clothes, but no one dares to say so out of fear.
We return to the origin: the damned faith that convinces because it makes us hope that, in this way, the future will be better and we (not others, just us) will be richer, more powerful, and happier. The surprising thing is that an evil, egotistical imbecile is able to convince so many people. The reason: abandoning rationality for faith.
