The climate crisis exacerbates inequalities because it disproportionately affects the most vulnerable, who have fewer adaptation strategies. This is also evident in Spain, according to a report published by Oxfam Intermón this Wednesday on the occasion of the UN COP30 climate summit being held in Brazil. According to this research, entitled Climate inequality in Spain: An opportunity for a just transitionThe wealthiest 0.1% of the population in Spain pollutes up to 55 times more annually than a person in the poorest 50%, according to 2022 data. The study also reveals that 70% of the Spanish population lives in municipalities where the temperature has already increased by 1.5°C since 2019, and that per capita household income is lower than the average. In total, more than 33 million people in Spain already live in areas that have exceeded this threshold (which is not the Paris Agreement threshold, as that is a global average), which entails significant changes in weather and biodiversity. The top 1% of earners consume 45 times more of their carbon budget than they would need to keep global warming within the 1.5°C limit. "The ecological transition will only be just if those who emit the most assume their responsibility. Climate action is needed that combines social justice and climate ambition," says Lourdes Benavides, head of climate justice at Oxfam Intermón. According to the Oxfam study, Companies listed on the Ibex 35 are responsible for 30% of direct CO₂ emissions in Spain And just five—four from the energy sector and one from air transport, Oxfam details—generate more than a quarter of Spain's total.

The bombing has stopped in Gaza, and the Israeli hostage crisis is already on the way to a solution with the return of the living and soon also the dead. It seems that for now, at least while the celebrations presided over by Donald Trump last, the war will not resume. There are a thousand unknowns about the future, but for the first time in a long time, there is hope that the ceasefire will hold. But what hasn't changed is hunger. People in Gaza are still starving. That's why the arrival yesterday of the first trucks of humanitarian aid from Egypt is one of the best news stories of recent days. Despite the constant difficulty in reporting on the Strip—it is urgent that the ceasefire allow the international press to enter the area—it is estimated that some 400 trucks will have been able to enter throughout the day, and the expected arrival rate is 600 per day from now on. The UN and other humanitarian organizations have hundreds waiting to gain access, but they complain that the pace is slow due to Israel's tight border controls, and are calling for more crossing points to be opened.

The population's contribution to global warming is unequal and depends largely on its income.