In a world with fewer births and greater longevity, the demographic challenge facing most advanced economies is imminent. The population structure is changing and increasingly resembles less a pyramid with a broad base made up of young people and a narrow top of older people. Instead, there is now an obelisk, with its foundation eroded by low birth rates and a growing top spurred by increased life expectancy. This is reflected in the dossier. Challenges and policies in the age of longevity, published this Monday by CaixaBank Research, in which the banking entity analyzes through different articles what economic scenario awaits us as the generation of the baby boomers people are beginning to retire en masse. He warns, for example, that in order to finance pensions it will be necessary to raise the retirement age to 68.

The massive blackout of April 28th has reopened the debate on the state's energy mix, with criticism leveled at renewables, on the one hand, and nuclear energy, on the other. But the truth is that the significant development of renewable energy in Spain provides a very important competitive advantage to the industry. This is confirmed by the latest sector report by CaixaBank Research, the bank's research department, presented this Friday. The data is clear: energy costs for Spanish industries, which in 2018 were 31% higher than those of European partners, were 26.6% lower in 2024 thanks to significant wind and photovoltaic production. "This places [the industry] in an advantageous position compared to its competitors," the report states.