On Tuesday, the Supreme Court upheld the €720 fine for minor insults to the crown imposed by the National Court in 2022 on Albert Baiges (Montbrió del Camp, 1984) for insulting Felipe VI on social media and urging him to "cut his throat." Manuel Marchena was the author of a ruling that rejects the defendant's right to freedom of expression. The judge who sentenced the leaders of the 1-O movement and the other magistrates consider the insults not protected by the doctrine of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) and that they contribute nothing to the "political debate on the monarchy as a form of state."